Different Types of Visions
Everyone has different vision types according to one’s health and living style. Some visual conditions of every patient can same but vision types can different. Here, we are describing different vision types so that you can understand them.
1. 20/20 vision:
20/20 vision is used to define a certain level of visual acuity. It is related to sharpness and precision of vision. 20/20 vision means you can see clearly the object at the distance of 20 feet. It does not mean you have a perfect vision. It means you can see clearly at some specific distance. There are many other essential eye condition that is not related to visual acuity. You can take help of RX Safety Glasses to see things clearly at distant places.
2. 20/100 vision:
20/100 vision is very rare. In this vision, a person can see clearly at a distance of 100 feet. He/she can see as clear as a person of normal 20/20 vision can see at 20 feet.
3. 20/10 vision:
In this vision, a person is above average. 20/10 vision person is better than normal standard vision’s person. A person can see easily at a distance of 20 feet away. A normal person can see clearly at 10 feet distances from an eye chart.
5. 20/60,70,80 vision:
In this vision level a person can see at a distance of 20 feet and a normal vision person can see at a distance of 60, 70, and 80. A person is able to read large headlines of a newspaper. You can wear 3M safety Glasses to read any print material easily.
4. 20/200 vision:
In this level of vision, a person is considered to be legally blind. In this vision level, a person can see at a distance of 20 feet away. While a normal vision’s person can see at a distance of 100 feet away.
Types of Vision
Blindness
The word blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss, which is not correctable by standard glasses, contact lenses, or medicine. Common causes of blindness are macular degeneration, infections of the cornea or retina, glaucoma, traumatic injuries, diabetes, etc. The treatment and prognosis for blindness is dependent on its cause.
Cataracts
Cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which lies behind the pupil. Most cataracts are related to aging and can occur in both the eyes. Surgery is the only way to remove a cataract and is usually safe and effective, resulting in improvement of vision. Most common symptoms of a cataract are cloudy, blurry, or misty vision.
Color Blindness
Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency (CVD), is a deficiency in the way you see a color. It affects males more frequently than females, red-green color deficiency is the most common form of color blindness. Color blindness is hereditary and is passed on from mother to son. It can also be caused by eye diseases, aging or retina damage.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is most common among people with diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy affects when high blood sugar levels cause damage to blood vessels in the retina causing it to swell and leak. It can cause blindness if left untreated. It can be prevented with early detection, diabetes management and routine eye checkups.
Dry Eyes
Dry eyes is a condition in which eyes do not produce enough tears to lubricate the eye surface, resulting in eye irritation and vision problems. It may be caused by diseases, aging, medication, and eye structure problems. Symptoms may include itching, blurry vision, pain or redness and is treatable by a medical professional through prescriptions and lubricating eye drops.
Most Common Adult Vision Problems
- Blurred vision (called refractive errors)
- Age-related macular degeneration
- Glaucoma
- Cataract
- Diabetic retinopathy
Most Common Childhood Vision Problems
- Blurred vision (called refractive errors)
- Crossed eyes (called strabismus)
- Lazy eye (called amblyopia)
Blurred vision (refractive errors)
- Nearsightedness (called myopia) is when you can see clearly up close but blurry in the distance.
- Farsightedness (called hyperopia) is when you can see clearly in the distance but blurry up close.
- If you are older than 40 and have trouble reading small print or focusing up close, this is usually due to a condition called presbyopia. One in every three people 40 years or older in the U.S. will need glasses to read smaller print.
- Astigmatism is another condition that causes blurred vision, but it is because of the shape of the cornea.
These conditions affect the shape of the eye and, in turn, how the eye sees. They can be corrected by eyeglasses, contact lenses, and in some cases surgery.
Crossed Eyes (strabismus)
Strabismus occurs when the eyes do not line up or they are crossed. One eye, however, usually remains straight at any given time. Common forms of strabismus include:
- Esotropia – one or both eyes turn inward toward the nose
- Exotropia – one or both eyes turn out; also called wall-eyed
- Hypertropia – one or both eyes turn up
- Hypotropia – one or both eyes turn down
If detected early in life, strabismus can be treated and even reversed.
If left untreated strabismus can cause amblyopia.
What are the risk factors for strabismus?
- Family history of strabismus
- Having a significant amount of uncorrected farsightedness (hyperopia)
- Disabilities such as Down syndrome and cerebral palsy
- Stroke or head injury
Lazy Eye (amblyopia)
Amblyopia — often called lazy eye — is a problem that is common in children.
Amblyopia is a result of the brain and the eyes not working together. The brain ignores visual information from one eye, which causes problems with vision development.
Treatment for amblyopia works well if the condition is found early. If untreated, amblyopia causes permanent vision loss.
What are the risk factors for amblyopia?
- Premature birth
- Low birth weight
- Retinopathy of prematurity diagnosis
- Cerebral palsy diagnosis
- Intellectual disability diagnosis
- Family history of certain eye conditions
- Maternal smoking, drug or alcohol use
- Surgery on eye muscles for esotropia (eyes turn in toward nose)
How Does Vision Loss Occur?
Vision loss occurs when a part of the eye is damaged by some disease or an abnormality. Depending on the specific eye disease, functional vision can be impaired in different ways. Vision loss can occur at any age, even from birth due to congenital diseases, such as congenital glaucoma or cataracts. Vision loss in mid-life can be caused by diseases such as diabetes or glaucoma. There are also rare inherited retinal diseases such as Stargardt disease or Retinitis Pigmentosa that cause vision loss. For people in later years of their life, vision impairment due to eye diseases are more common, such as Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). AMD is termed as the number one cause of vision loss around the world for those aged 65 and above. Other eye diseases causing vision loss such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and inoperable cataracts are also highly prevalent in ages 50 and above.
What are the Most Common Types of Vision Loss?
There are two types of vision loss: Central vision loss and peripheral vision loss. The type of vision loss you get will depend on the type of eye disease you have. Mostly, one of the above, i-e central or peripheral vision, is affected, but there have been cases where vision loss was found in both forms at the same time.
- Central Vision Loss
This type of vision loss usually occurs from damage to the area known as the macula, the very center of the retina. Some diseases only affect the macula, while others can damage other parts of the retina as well. Losing central vision will feel like missing detail or seeing blur spots in the center part of your visual field. As the damage progresses, the blur spots will turn into dark or blank spots.
- Peripheral Vision Loss
Peripheral vision is what you see on the sides without turning your head. When you lose peripheral vision, you will feel the world closing down on you. You’ll see things in the center clearer and brighter as compared to things on the side. Experiencing vision loss in such a way leaves a patient with only central vision, a condition also known as tunnel vision. This may be accompanied by difficulty seeing at night, loss of night vision, or in dim lit environments.